131 God spoke to Moses: 2 "Send men to scout out the country of Canaan that I am giving to the People of Israel. Send one man from each ancestral tribe, each one a tried-and-true leader in the tribe." 3 So Moses sent them off from the Wilderness of Paran at the command of God. All of them were leaders in Israel, one from each tribe. 4 These were their names: from Reuben: Shammua son of Zaccur 5 from Simeon: Shaphat son of Hori 6 from Judah: Caleb son of Jephunneh 7 from Issachar: Igal son of Joseph 8 from Ephraim: Hoshea son of Nun 9 from Benjamin: Palti son of Raphu 10 from Zebulun: Gaddiel son of Sodi 11 from Manasseh (a Joseph tribe): Gaddi son of Susi 12 from Dan: Ammiel son of Gemalli 13 from Asher: Sethur son of Michael 14 from Naphtali: Nahbi son of Vophsi 15 from Gad: Geuel son of Maki 16 These are the names of the men Moses sent to scout out the land. Moses gave Hoshea (Salvation) son of Nun a new name - Joshua (God-Saves). 17 When Moses sent them off to scout out Canaan, he said, "Go up through the Negev and then into the hill country. 18 Look the land over, see what it is like. Assess the people: Are they strong or weak? Are there few or many? 19 Observe the land: Is it pleasant or harsh? Describe the towns where they live: Are they open camps or fortified with walls? 20 And the soil: Is it fertile or barren? Are there forests? And try to bring back a sample of the produce that grows there - this is the season for the first ripe grapes."
Matthew Henry's Commentary on Numbers 13:1-20
Commentary on Numbers 13:1-20
(Read Numbers 13:1-20)
A memorable and melancholy history is related in this and the following chapter, of the turning back of Israel from the borders of Canaan, and the sentencing them to wander and perish in the wilderness, for their unbelief and murmuring. It appears, Deuteronomy 1:22, that the motion to search out the land came from the people. They had a better opinion of their own policy than of God's wisdom. Thus we ruin ourselves by believing the reports and representations of sense rather than Divine revelation. We walk by sight not by faith. Moses gave the spies this charge, Be of good courage. It was not only a great undertaking they were put upon, which required good management and resolution; but a great trust was reposed in them, which required that they should be faithful. Courage in such circumstances can only spring from strong faith, which Caleb and Joshua alone possessed.