The following commentary covers Chapters 7, 8, 9, and 10.
Responsibility
and blessing: Israel's past and future
The prophecy, from chapter
7 to the end of the book, has for its special object the
introduction of the Messiah in Israel, with the
consequences of His rejection. The same principles of
responsibility and blessing, which we have already seen
established with respect to the remnant on their return
from Babylon, are found again here. The prophecy begins
by calling to mind the insincerity of their lamentations
and humiliation during the seventy years' captivity, and
the example set them by the hardness of the people's
heart, before that sorrowful period, which led to their
dispersion among all the nations, the pleasant land being
made desolate. But now Jehovah's love for Zion, His
chosen city, excited His jealousy and His wrath against
those who oppressed her. He was returned unto Zion, and
she should be blessed as a city of truth, and the
mountain of Jehovah should be His holy mountain.
Jerusalem should be abundantly blessed, her streets full
of inhabitants, and her old men full of days. God would
bring back His people from all the countries in which
they had been scattered and captive. From the day in
which His people had turned to Him and laid the
foundation of the temple, blessing should flow as a
river, even as misery and judgment had done before. The
Jews who had returned from Babylon were placed under
conditions of truth and uprightness for the enjoyment of
these blessings (v. 16, 17).
Besides this, Jehovah
declares, unconditionally, that their fast days should be
joyful feasts, and that men should come from all nations
to worship Jehovah at Jerusalem, and should take hold of
the skirt of a Jew, knowing that God was with that
people. Here are, then, the moral consequences of
disobedience, already accomplished—insincerity and
hardness of heart pointed out; present blessing
introduced by grace, and bestowed on the people under the
condition of a godly walk, such fulness of blessing as
the presence of Jehovah in their midst would involve;
and, finally, the purposes of God in grace, which,
depending on Himself, should be never-failing.
God's purposes of
grace and the consequences
But this last thought
introduces many consequences and important events. The
first two consequences are, that Israel should be put in
possession of the whole territory which God had given
them. Enemies from without would come, but Jehovah
Himself would defend His house; and the result of this
direct intervention would be, that no oppressor should
pass through them any more. Jehovah Himself had already
looked into this matter.
It was a day in which the
eyes of all mankind should be turned towards Jehovah, as
well as those of the tribes of Israel. Compare this part
of chapter 9 with Isaiah 17.
The introduction
of Messiah in a twofold aspect
Now this immediate
intervention of Jehovah, who encamps about His house (it
is the defence of the city against the last attack of the
Assyrians, which we have found more than once in the
prophets), necessarily introduces the Messiah, in view of
the events of the last days. Verse 9 speaks of this. It
presents the Messiah in His personal character as King
Messiah, but in a twofold aspect. And this is the reason
why, in the New Testament, that portion only is quoted
which relates to Jehovah's first coming. The King of Zion
comes unto her. He is just, and brings in Himself power
and salvation. This is the general idea, that which Zion
needed, and which shall be accomplished in the last days.
The Holy Ghost adds to this the personal character of the
Lord, the spirit in which He presented Himself to
Israel—lowly and riding upon an ass. We all know the
fulfilment of this at His first coming.
The effect of
Messiah's presence
The Messiah Himself having
been thus presented, the definitive effect of His
presence is announced in that which follows, as the
continuation of verse 8, remembering who has been
introduced. He will put an end to war in Israel, will
establish peace among the nations, and His dominion shall
be unto the ends of the earth (the land of Israel being
the centre of His power). Jehovah, having delivered the
people—that is, the believing remnant, who shall
become the nation—by the blood of the covenant, will
restore them double for all their affliction, and use
them to establish His power over the isles of the
Gentiles. The might of Jehovah should accompany and save
them, as the flock of His people. He would pour out
blessing upon the land at the prayer of the remnant of
His people, who had been wandering like a flock without a
shepherd, and had sought help in vain from their idols.
But Jehovah had now visited His flock, the house of
Judah, and out of them strength should go forth. Judah
should be as His goodly horse in the battle. He would
strengthen Judah and save Ephraim. Jehovah would gather
them in such numbers that there would be no place for
them. He would dry up the sea and the river to make a way
for them, and the pride of their enemies should be
brought down. They should be strong in Jehovah their God,
and walk up and down in His name.
To the end of chapter 10
it is the general proclamation of the blessing that
should crown Judah and Ephraim, when, by the favour of
Jehovah, they were restored to their land.
Zechariah 8 Bible Commentary
John Darby’s Synopsis
Responsibility and blessing: Israel's past and future
The prophecy, from chapter 7 to the end of the book, has for its special object the introduction of the Messiah in Israel, with the consequences of His rejection. The same principles of responsibility and blessing, which we have already seen established with respect to the remnant on their return from Babylon, are found again here. The prophecy begins by calling to mind the insincerity of their lamentations and humiliation during the seventy years' captivity, and the example set them by the hardness of the people's heart, before that sorrowful period, which led to their dispersion among all the nations, the pleasant land being made desolate. But now Jehovah's love for Zion, His chosen city, excited His jealousy and His wrath against those who oppressed her. He was returned unto Zion, and she should be blessed as a city of truth, and the mountain of Jehovah should be His holy mountain. Jerusalem should be abundantly blessed, her streets full of inhabitants, and her old men full of days. God would bring back His people from all the countries in which they had been scattered and captive. From the day in which His people had turned to Him and laid the foundation of the temple, blessing should flow as a river, even as misery and judgment had done before. The Jews who had returned from Babylon were placed under conditions of truth and uprightness for the enjoyment of these blessings (v. 16, 17).
Besides this, Jehovah declares, unconditionally, that their fast days should be joyful feasts, and that men should come from all nations to worship Jehovah at Jerusalem, and should take hold of the skirt of a Jew, knowing that God was with that people. Here are, then, the moral consequences of disobedience, already accomplished—insincerity and hardness of heart pointed out; present blessing introduced by grace, and bestowed on the people under the condition of a godly walk, such fulness of blessing as the presence of Jehovah in their midst would involve; and, finally, the purposes of God in grace, which, depending on Himself, should be never-failing.
God's purposes of grace and the consequences
But this last thought introduces many consequences and important events. The first two consequences are, that Israel should be put in possession of the whole territory which God had given them. Enemies from without would come, but Jehovah Himself would defend His house; and the result of this direct intervention would be, that no oppressor should pass through them any more. Jehovah Himself had already looked into this matter.
It was a day in which the eyes of all mankind should be turned towards Jehovah, as well as those of the tribes of Israel. Compare this part of chapter 9 with Isaiah 17.
The introduction of Messiah in a twofold aspect
Now this immediate intervention of Jehovah, who encamps about His house (it is the defence of the city against the last attack of the Assyrians, which we have found more than once in the prophets), necessarily introduces the Messiah, in view of the events of the last days. Verse 9 speaks of this. It presents the Messiah in His personal character as King Messiah, but in a twofold aspect. And this is the reason why, in the New Testament, that portion only is quoted which relates to Jehovah's first coming. The King of Zion comes unto her. He is just, and brings in Himself power and salvation. This is the general idea, that which Zion needed, and which shall be accomplished in the last days. The Holy Ghost adds to this the personal character of the Lord, the spirit in which He presented Himself to Israel—lowly and riding upon an ass. We all know the fulfilment of this at His first coming.
The effect of Messiah's presence
The Messiah Himself having been thus presented, the definitive effect of His presence is announced in that which follows, as the continuation of verse 8, remembering who has been introduced. He will put an end to war in Israel, will establish peace among the nations, and His dominion shall be unto the ends of the earth (the land of Israel being the centre of His power). Jehovah, having delivered the people—that is, the believing remnant, who shall become the nation—by the blood of the covenant, will restore them double for all their affliction, and use them to establish His power over the isles of the Gentiles. The might of Jehovah should accompany and save them, as the flock of His people. He would pour out blessing upon the land at the prayer of the remnant of His people, who had been wandering like a flock without a shepherd, and had sought help in vain from their idols. But Jehovah had now visited His flock, the house of Judah, and out of them strength should go forth. Judah should be as His goodly horse in the battle. He would strengthen Judah and save Ephraim. Jehovah would gather them in such numbers that there would be no place for them. He would dry up the sea and the river to make a way for them, and the pride of their enemies should be brought down. They should be strong in Jehovah their God, and walk up and down in His name.
To the end of chapter 10 it is the general proclamation of the blessing that should crown Judah and Ephraim, when, by the favour of Jehovah, they were restored to their land.