23:1 And 1
the whole multitude of them arose, and led him unto Pilate.
(1) Christ, who is now ready to suffer for the
rebellion which we raised in this world, is first of all pronounced guiltless,
so that it might appear that he suffered not for his own sins (which were
none) but for ours.
23:2 And they began to accuse him, saying, We found
this [fellow] a perverting the nation,
and forbidding to give tribute to Caesar, saying that he himself is Christ a
King.
(a) Corrupting the people, and leading them into
errors.
23:62 When Pilate heard of Galilee, he asked
whether the man were a Galilaean.
(2) Christ is a laughing stock to princes, but to
their great pain.
23:7 And as soon as he knew that he belonged unto b
Herod's jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who himself also was at Jerusalem
at that time.
(b) This was Herod Antipas the Tetrarch, in the
time of whose period of rule (which was almost twenty-two years long) John the
Baptist preached and was put to death, and Jesus Christ also died and rose
again, and the apostles began to preach, and various things were done at
Jerusalem almost seven years after Christ's death. This Herod was sent into
banishment to Lyons, about the second year of Gaius Caesar.
23:11
And Herod with his c men of war set him
at nought, and mocked [him], and arrayed him in a gorgeous robe, and sent him
again to Pilate.
(c) Accompanied with his nobles and soldiers who
followed him from Galilee.
23:123 And
the same day Pilate and Herod were made friends together: for before they were
at enmity between themselves.
(3) The hatred of godliness binds the wicked
together.
23:134 And
Pilate, when he had called together the chief priests and the d
rulers and the people,
(4) Christ is acquitted the second time, even by
him of whom he is condemned, so that it might appear in what way he who is
just, redeemed us who were unjust.
(d) Those whom the Jews called the sanhedrin.
23:165
I will therefore chastise him, and release [him].
(5) The wisdom of the flesh is to choose the
lesser of two evils, but God curses such plans.
23:226 And he said unto them the third time,
Why, what evil hath he done? I have found no cause of death in him: I will
therefore chastise him, and let [him] go.
(6) Christ is acquitted the third time before he
is condemned, so that it might appear that it was for our sins that were
condemned in him.
23:267 And as they led him away, they laid
hold upon one Simon, a Cyrenian, coming out of the country, and on him they laid
the cross, that he might bear [it] after Jesus.
(7) An example of the outrageousness and disorder
of the soldiers.
23:278 And
there followed him a great company of people, and of women, which also bewailed
and lamented him.
(8) The triumph of the wicked has a most horrible
end.
23:31
For if they do these things in a e green
tree, what shall be done in the dry?
(e) As if he said, "If they do this to me
who is always fruitful and flourishing, and who lives forever by reason of my
Godhead, what will they do to you who are unfruitful and void of all active
righteousness?"
23:339
And when they were come to the place, which is called Calvary, there they
crucified him, and the malefactors, one on the right hand, and the other on the
left.
(9) Christ became accursed for us upon the cross,
suffering the punishment which the ones who would belong to God deserved.
23:3410
Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And they
parted his raiment, and cast lots.
(10) Christ, in praying for his enemies, shows
that he is both the Sacrifice and the Priest.
23:35 And the people stood beholding. And the
rulers also with them derided [him], saying, He saved others; let him save
himself, if he be Christ, the f chosen
of God.
(f) Whom God loves more than all others.
23:3811
And a superscription also was written over him in letters of Greek, and Latin,
and Hebrew, THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.
(11) Pilate is unknowingly made a preacher of the
kingdom of Christ.
23:39g And
12 one of the malefactors which were
hanged railed on him, saying, If thou be Christ, save thyself and us.
(g) Therefore we must either take Matthew's
account to be using the figure of speech synecdoche, or that both of them
mocked Christ. But one of them who was eventually overcome with the great
patience of God breaks forth in that confession worthy all memory.
(12) Christ, in the midst of the humbling of
himself upon the cross, indeed shows that he has both the power of life to
save the believers and the power of death to avenge the rebellious.
23:41 And we indeed justly;
for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing h
amiss.
(h) More than he ought.
23:43 And Jesus said unto
him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in i
paradise.
(i) God made the visible paradise in the eastern
part of the world: but that which we behold with the eyes of our mind is the
place of everlasting joy and salvation, through the goodness and mercy of God,
a most pleasant rest for the souls of the godly, and a most quiet and joyful
dwelling.
23:4413
And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth
until the ninth hour.
(13) Christ, even being at the point of death,
shows himself to be God almighty even to the blind.
23:4514
And the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst.
(14) Christ enters bravely and resolutely into
the very darkness of death, and he does this so that he might overcome death
even within its most secret places.
23:4715
Now when the centurion saw what was done, he glorified God, saying, Certainly
this was a righteous man.
(15) Christ, as often as it pleases him, causes
his very enemies to give honourable witness that he is right.
23:4916
And all his acquaintance, and the women that followed him from Galilee, stood
afar off, beholding these things.
(16) Christ gathers together and defends his
little flock in the midst of the tormentors.
23:5017
And, behold, [there was] a man named Joseph, a counsellor; [and he was] a good
man, and a just:
(17) Christ, through his well known burial,
confirms both the truth of his death as well as his resurrection, by the plain
and evident witness of Pilate.
23:54
And that day was the preparation, and the sabbath k
drew on.
(k) Literally, "dawning", and now
beginning, for the light of the former day drew toward the going down of the
sun, and that was the day of preparation for the feast, that is, the feast
which was to be kept the following day.
23:5518
And the women also, which came with him from Galilee, followed after, and beheld
the sepulchre, and how his body was laid.
(18) Christ, being set upon by the devil and all
his instruments, and being even in death's mouth, places weak women in his
service, bearing in mind to immediately triumph over these terrible enemies,
and that without any great endeavour.
Luke 23 Bible Commentary
The Geneva Study Bible
(1) Christ, who is now ready to suffer for the rebellion which we raised in this world, is first of all pronounced guiltless, so that it might appear that he suffered not for his own sins (which were none) but for ours.
23:2 And they began to accuse him, saying, We found this [fellow] a perverting the nation, and forbidding to give tribute to Caesar, saying that he himself is Christ a King.
(a) Corrupting the people, and leading them into errors.
23:6 2 When Pilate heard of Galilee, he asked whether the man were a Galilaean.
(2) Christ is a laughing stock to princes, but to their great pain.
23:7 And as soon as he knew that he belonged unto b Herod's jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who himself also was at Jerusalem at that time.
(b) This was Herod Antipas the Tetrarch, in the time of whose period of rule (which was almost twenty-two years long) John the Baptist preached and was put to death, and Jesus Christ also died and rose again, and the apostles began to preach, and various things were done at Jerusalem almost seven years after Christ's death. This Herod was sent into banishment to Lyons, about the second year of Gaius Caesar.
23:11 And Herod with his c men of war set him at nought, and mocked [him], and arrayed him in a gorgeous robe, and sent him again to Pilate.
(c) Accompanied with his nobles and soldiers who followed him from Galilee.
23:12 3 And the same day Pilate and Herod were made friends together: for before they were at enmity between themselves.
(3) The hatred of godliness binds the wicked together.
23:13 4 And Pilate, when he had called together the chief priests and the d rulers and the people,
(4) Christ is acquitted the second time, even by him of whom he is condemned, so that it might appear in what way he who is just, redeemed us who were unjust.
(d) Those whom the Jews called the sanhedrin.
23:16 5 I will therefore chastise him, and release [him].
(5) The wisdom of the flesh is to choose the lesser of two evils, but God curses such plans.
23:22 6 And he said unto them the third time, Why, what evil hath he done? I have found no cause of death in him: I will therefore chastise him, and let [him] go.
(6) Christ is acquitted the third time before he is condemned, so that it might appear that it was for our sins that were condemned in him.
23:26 7 And as they led him away, they laid hold upon one Simon, a Cyrenian, coming out of the country, and on him they laid the cross, that he might bear [it] after Jesus.
(7) An example of the outrageousness and disorder of the soldiers.
23:27 8 And there followed him a great company of people, and of women, which also bewailed and lamented him.
(8) The triumph of the wicked has a most horrible end.
23:31 For if they do these things in a e green tree, what shall be done in the dry?
(e) As if he said, "If they do this to me who is always fruitful and flourishing, and who lives forever by reason of my Godhead, what will they do to you who are unfruitful and void of all active righteousness?"
23:33 9 And when they were come to the place, which is called Calvary, there they crucified him, and the malefactors, one on the right hand, and the other on the left.
(9) Christ became accursed for us upon the cross, suffering the punishment which the ones who would belong to God deserved.
23:34 10 Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And they parted his raiment, and cast lots.
(10) Christ, in praying for his enemies, shows that he is both the Sacrifice and the Priest.
23:35 And the people stood beholding. And the rulers also with them derided [him], saying, He saved others; let him save himself, if he be Christ, the f chosen of God.
(f) Whom God loves more than all others.
23:38 11 And a superscription also was written over him in letters of Greek, and Latin, and Hebrew, THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.
(11) Pilate is unknowingly made a preacher of the kingdom of Christ.
23:39 g And 12 one of the malefactors which were hanged railed on him, saying, If thou be Christ, save thyself and us.
(g) Therefore we must either take Matthew's account to be using the figure of speech synecdoche, or that both of them mocked Christ. But one of them who was eventually overcome with the great patience of God breaks forth in that confession worthy all memory.
(12) Christ, in the midst of the humbling of himself upon the cross, indeed shows that he has both the power of life to save the believers and the power of death to avenge the rebellious.
23:41 And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing h amiss.
(h) More than he ought.
23:43 And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in i paradise.
(i) God made the visible paradise in the eastern part of the world: but that which we behold with the eyes of our mind is the place of everlasting joy and salvation, through the goodness and mercy of God, a most pleasant rest for the souls of the godly, and a most quiet and joyful dwelling.
23:44 13 And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour.
(13) Christ, even being at the point of death, shows himself to be God almighty even to the blind.
23:45 14 And the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst.
(14) Christ enters bravely and resolutely into the very darkness of death, and he does this so that he might overcome death even within its most secret places.
23:47 15 Now when the centurion saw what was done, he glorified God, saying, Certainly this was a righteous man.
(15) Christ, as often as it pleases him, causes his very enemies to give honourable witness that he is right.
23:49 16 And all his acquaintance, and the women that followed him from Galilee, stood afar off, beholding these things.
(16) Christ gathers together and defends his little flock in the midst of the tormentors.
23:50 17 And, behold, [there was] a man named Joseph, a counsellor; [and he was] a good man, and a just:
(17) Christ, through his well known burial, confirms both the truth of his death as well as his resurrection, by the plain and evident witness of Pilate.
23:54 And that day was the preparation, and the sabbath k drew on.
(k) Literally, "dawning", and now beginning, for the light of the former day drew toward the going down of the sun, and that was the day of preparation for the feast, that is, the feast which was to be kept the following day.
23:55 18 And the women also, which came with him from Galilee, followed after, and beheld the sepulchre, and how his body was laid.
(18) Christ, being set upon by the devil and all his instruments, and being even in death's mouth, places weak women in his service, bearing in mind to immediately triumph over these terrible enemies, and that without any great endeavour.